Ethiopia Displacement - [IDPs] - Site Assessment [IOM DTM]

Between April and May 2024, IOM DTM deployed the SA round 36 and VAS round 19, in 11 regions across Ethiopia. The November - December 2023 data (Round 35 for SA and Round 18 for VAS) was compiled with the April - May 2024 data (Round 36 for SA and Round 19 for VAS) to consolidate national IDP and returning IDP figures updated to May 2024. The locations assessed during both rounds of data collection are not duplicated in the consolidated figures. SA is conducted in locations hosting a reported 20 or more IDP households, and the VAS is conducted in locations hosting a reported 20 or more returning IDP households that returned after 1 January 2022. It is to be noted that South Ethiopia region was not included due to operational constraints.

Between November and December 2023, IOM’s DTM deployed Site Assessment (SA) Round 35 and Village Assessment Survey (VAS) Round 18.

According to data collected through the Site Assessment round 35 November and December 2023, an estimated 3,194,413 IDPs (635,724 IDP households) were internally displaced across 2,662 assessed, accessible sites in Ethiopia. Conflict is the primary cause of displacement and displaced almost 2.2 million IDPs (68.7%), followed by drought which displaced an estimated 536,343 IDPs (16.8%). Somali region hosts the highest number of IDPs primarily displaced by drought nationwide (an estimated 391,573 individuals or 73% of the national drought caseload), while Tigray region hosts the highest number of IDPs primarily displaced by conflict nationwide (an estimated 831,002 individuals or 37.9% of the national conflict caseload).

Between 01 August and 02 September 2023, IOM’s DTM deployed Site Assessment (SA) Round 34 and Village Assessment Survey (VAS) Round 17, carrying out a multisectoral location assessment. SA is conducted in locations hosting a reported 20 or more IDP households, and the VAS is conducted in locations hosting a reported 20 or more returning IDP households that returned after 1 January 2021. It is to be noted that Amhara region was largely uncovered this round due to increased insecurity, and both the IDP and returning IDP caseloads should likely be higher.

According to data collected through the Site Assessment round 34 August and September 2023, an estimated 3,459,881 IDPs (701,449 IDP households) were internally displaced across 2,544 assessed, accessible sites in Ethiopia. Conflict is the primary cause of displacement and displaced 2.2 million IDPs (64.66%), followed by drought which displaced an estimated 612,250 IDPs (17.7%). Somali region hosts the highest number of IDPs primarily displaced by drought nationwide (an estimated 410,749 individuals or 67.1% of the national drought caseload), while Tigray region hosts the highest number of IDPs primarily displaced by conflict nationwide (an estimated 943,285 individuals or 42.2% of the national conflict caseload).

In June 2023, IOM DTM deployed Site Assessment (SA) Round 33 (figure update) in 281 sites across Afar, Amhara, Oromia, Sidama, SNNP and Somali regions of Ethiopia. The SA Round 32 data (November 2022 - January 2023) was compiled with the figure update SA Round 33 (June 2023) data to develop a national IDP figure updated to June 2023 for 2,750 sites, excluding Tigray region. The sites assessed during both Round 32 and Round 33 are not duplicated in the consolidated figure.

As of June 2023, 3,363,991 IDPs (622,015 IDP households) were internally displaced across 2,750 accessible sites in Ethiopia, excluding Tigray region. The data for Tigray region is shared separately.

In round 32, 378 sites were inaccessible. 258 sites had insecurity issues, mainly in West Wallaga, East Wallaga, and West Guji zones in Oromia region. 71 sites were inaccessible due to social tension mainly in East Wallaga and Guji zones in Oromia region, as well as Wag Himra zone in Amhara region, Afder zone in Somali region and Kilbati (Zone 2) in Afar region. 38 sites were inaccessible due to road issues mainly in Dawa zone in Somali region. Out of these, seven sites that reported drought-related displacement in round 31 were uncovered in round 32. Six of these sites were uncovered due to social tension and road inaccessibility in Dawa zone. The remaining site was uncovered due to poor road conditions in Liben zone. In round 32, 3143255 IDPs and 579672 IDP households were identified.

According to data collected through the Site Assessment round 31 in August and September 2022, 2.73 million IDPs (517,201 households) were internally displaced across 2,200 accessible sites in Ethiopia. This reflects a +0.43% increase compared to the previous round of data collection in June and July 2022. Due to operational constraints, the figure for Tigray region is not included in the national total.

According to data collected through the Site Assessment round 30 in June and July 2022*, 2.72 million IDPs (522,138 households) were internally displaced across 2,120 accessible sites in Ethiopia. Due to operational constraints, the figure for Tigray region is not included in the national total. This reflects a -1.58% decrease of 43,618 IDPs compared to the previous round of data collection in March and April 2022.

*Due to the greater IDP caseload, data collection in Amhara and Oromia regions began in May 2022.

As of April 2022, a total of 2.75 million IDPs have been identified in 2,158 accessible sites across 11 regions in Ethiopia. As a note, due to operational constraints, figures from Tigray region were not included in the total. Of the displaced population, the main causes of displacement were conflict which displaced 1.78 million IDPs (65%), drought which displaced 581,952 IDPs (21%), social tension which displaced 150,576 IDPs (5%), flash floods which displaced 107,816 IDPs (4%) and seasonal floods which displaced 94,118 IDPs (3%).

Through Site Assessment round 28 (Dec 2021-Jan 2022), 2.06 million IDPs were identified in 1,440 IDP sites across 9 regions in Ethiopia. Notably, there was a +37% increase in the number of drought IDPs this round due to the intensifying drought, especially in Afder, Dawa, Dollo and Liban zones in Somali region and West Guji zone in Oromia region.

As of September 2021, a total of 4.23 million IDPs have been identified thus far across the country. Through Site Assessment (SA), a total of 2.12 million IDPs were identified in 1,577 sites across 9 regions in Ethiopia. Simultaneously, 2.11 million IDPs were also tracked through the Emergency Site Assessment (ESA) round 8 which is a monthly tool used to track internal displacement in Tigray, Afar and Amhara regions caused by the Northern Ethiopia Crisis. Of the total displaced population, the main causes of displacement were conflict which displaced 3.5 million IDPs (85%), drought which displaced 307,871 IDPs (7%) and seasonal floods which displaced 139,199 IDPs (3%).

Emergency Site Assessment (ESA): https://data.humdata.org/dataset/ethiopia-displacement-northern-region-tigray-idps-site-assessment-iom-dtm

As of July 2021, a total of 4.17 million IDPs have been identified thus far across the country. Through Site Assessment (SA), a total of 2.07 million IDPs were identified in 1,580 sites across 10 regions in Ethiopia. Simultaenously, 2.1 million IDPs were also tracked through the Emergency Site Assessment (ESA) round 7 which is a monthly tool used to track internal displacement in Tigray, Afar and Amhara regions caused by the Northern Ethiopia Crisis. Of the total displaced population, the main causes of displacement were conflict which displaced 3.5 million IDPs (84%), drought which displaced 308,607 IDPs (7%), flash floods which displaced 157,522 IDPs (4%) and seasonal floods which displaced 112,469 IDPs (3%).

Through Site Assessment (SA), a total of 1.96 million IDPs were identified in 1,379 sites across 11 regions in Ethiopia. Conflict displaced an estimate of 1.25 million IDPs, followed by drought which displaced 318,992 IDPs, flash floods which displaced 156,815 IDPs and seasonal floods which displaced 113,388 IDPs, among other displacement reasons.

Through Site Assessment (SA), a total of 1.96 million IDPs were identified in 1,222 sites across 11 regions in Ethiopia. Conflict displaced an estimate of 1.2 million IDPs, followed by drought which displaced 331,963 IDPs and seasonal floods which displaced 169,662 IDPs, among other displacement reasons. During the same period, a total of 131,590 IDPs were also tracked through the Emergency Site Assessment (ESA) round 2 which is a monthly tool used to track internal displacement in Tigray, Afar and Amhara regions caused by the crisis in Northern Ethiopia. This was also the first time DTM conducted its Site Assessment tool in Addis Ababa, thus tracking internal displacement in every region in Ethiopia for the first time. Combining the SA and ESA figures brings the total to 2.1 million IDPs identified throughout the country thus far. However, kindly note that there were substantial access and/or security issues throughout Tigray region, Metekel zone in Benishangul Gumz region, the Wallegas and the Hararges in Oromia region and Sheka zone in SNNP region.

Through the Site Assessment which was conducted from 1 to 29 February 2020, DTM captured 1,735,481 IDPs (323,589 IDP households) in 1,237 sites. The biggest causes of displacement were conflict which displaced 1,170,659 IDPs, followed by drought which affected 381,426 IDPs and seasonal flood which affected 73,736 IDPs.

1,733,628 total IDPs and 321,428 households.

1,606,086 total IDPs and 307,437 households.

1,642,458 total IDPs and 321,537 households.

2,235,290 total IDPs and 412,159 households. 1,645,867 conflict-affected IDPs tracked through the Site Assessment. Climate-induced displacement was the second largest cause of displacement with a total of 518,334 IDPs. This is followed by 71,089 IDPs displaced by other factors such as economic/development projects, severe wind, fire, social tensions and protracted displacement due to volcanic disruptions.

2,227,109 total IDPs and 403,327 households. 1,623,716 conflict-affected IDPs tracked through the Site Assessment. Climate-induced displacement was the second largest cause of displacement with a total of 499,336 IDPs.

2,227,109 total IDPs and 403,327 househods. Conflict was reported as the primary driver of displacement (1,663,396 IDPs), followed by displacement due to climate induced factors (508,723 IDPs).

2,332,936 IDPs (1,773,482 Conflict Affected IDPs, 498,417 Climate Induced IDPs, 61,037 People displaced by Other factors) 1,043 Sites Assessed and 148 Inaccessible Sites

1,083 Sites Assessed. 1,472,209 Conflict Affected IDPs. 531,001 Climate Induced* IDPs 72,068 Other Drivers of Displacement like displacement due to economic/development projects, severe wind, social tensions and protracted displacement due to volcanic eruptions.

The majority of the recorded population were displaced during 2017 with 596 sites reportedly opening in 2017 (DTM Rounds 3-8). In terms of overall cause of displacement, conflict was reported as the primary driver (1,453,422 IDPs), followed by displacement due to climate induced factors (541,490 IDPs) and other reason (40,264 IDPs). This trend is consistent over time, with conflict constantly being the primary cause of displacement across the country.

Overall cause of displacement, conflict was reported as the primary driver (1,204,577 IDPs), followed by displacement due to climate induced factors (536,321 IDPs) and other reason(35,787 IDPs). This trend is consistent over time, with conflict constantly being the primary cause of displacement across the country

1.6M total IDPs and 275K households. Period covered Mar-18. 764,145 displaced individuals comprising 127,299 households in 347 displacement sites were identified in Somali region. These figures represent a decrease of 68,507 in the total individuals (-8.23%) a decrease of 621 households (-0.49%) and an increase of 9 sites (+2.66%) since round 9 (January/February 2018).