The Community-Based Assessment (CBA) in South Sudan, 2024 evaluates the capacity of high-return locations in South Sudan to absorb additional populations. This assessment employed a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative household surveys, qualitative assessments, and infrastructure evaluations. Data collection was conducted between May and September 2024 through face-to-face interviews in selected payams across Northern Bahr el Ghazal, Eastern Equatoria, Central Equatoria, and Western Bahr el Ghazal. The dataset comprises anonymized household and infrastructure survey data, with stratified random sampling used to ensure representation across returnees, host communities, internally displaced persons (IDPs), and refugees. The study explores key humanitarian themes, including health, water sanitation and hygiene (WASH), education, and housing, land, and property (HLP). The collected data aims to inform operational planning, self-reliance programs, and service provision strategies for displaced and returning populations. The dataset provides valuable insights to support evidence-based decision-making and improve response strategies for communities affected by displacement in South Sudan.