Haiti - Displacement - [IDPs] - Baseline Assessment [IOM DTM]

Le Round 9 indique la présence de 1 041 229 personnes déplacées internes en Haïti, soit 48% de plus qu’au round 8. Les violences armées survenues durant le dernier trimestre 2024 dans plusieurs localités du pays sont la raison de cette augmentation, notamment dans la Zone Métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince (ZMPP; la capitale du pays), la commune de l’Arcahaïe et dans le département de l’Artibonite. Les PDI en Haïti représente désormais 9% de la population haïtienne.

Le Round 8 indique la présence de 702 973 personnes déplacées internes en Haïti, soit près de 22% de plus qu’au round 7.

Le Round 7 indique la présence de 578 074 personnes déplacées internes en Haïti, soit près de 60% de plus qu’au round 6. Cette augmentation est due à la détérioration de la situation sécuritaire observée dans la Zone Métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince (ZMPP), entre fin février et avril 2024 notamment. L’augmentation du nombre des PDI a été plus marquée en province où le nombre de PDI a augmenté de 95% (contre 15% dans la ZMPP). En effet, suite à l’augmentation des violences dans la ZMPP, de nombreuses personnes ont fui la capitale pour chercher refuge en province.

En plus de contenir les données sur le nombre des personnes déplacées internes et retournées, ce jeu des données contient des données sectorielles sur plusieurs secteurs : CCCM, Accès des enfants déplacés aux écoles, accès des PDI aux structures de santé, Redevabilité, Eau, Hygiène et Assainissement dans les sites spontanés, Accès aux marchés, etc.

In the previous assessment, there were a reported 313,901 internally displaced persons, while in the current round 6 assessment, 362,551 individuals have been identified, indicating a 15 percent increase.

At the end of 2023, DTM Haiti conducted an assessment in the districts of West, South, South-East, Artibonite, Grande Anse, Centre and Nippes on the displacement situation in the country.

In total, 313,901 persons are internally displaced in the country, the majority of them being children (55%).

From June 12th to November 10th 2023, the DTM team identified 197,999 internal displaced persons and 36,785 internal returnees across three departments West (146,584 IDPs and 26,301 returnees), Center (28,975 IDPs and 1,298 returnees from round 1) and Artibonite (22,440 IDPs and 9,186 returnees from round 2) . During this round, 83 sites were assessed and hosting in total 82,649 IDPs.

Due to security issues, the locations/sites in Center and Artibonite departments have not been assessed and respectively the rounds 1 and 2 figures were reported.

In recent years, widespread insecurity in Haiti has caused thousands of people to flee their areas of residence. Although the violence most often occurs in the Metropolitan Zone of Port-au-Prince (ZMPP) located in the West district, other departments are also affected. This is particularly the case for the Center and Artibonite ones.

In order to regularly inform authorities as well as other partners on the displacement situation in the West, Center and Artibonite districts, the General Directorate of Civil Protection (DGPC) and IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) carried out in June 2023, assessments in communal sections, neighborhoods and sites hosting displaced populations in these districts.

In recent years, widespread insecurity in the Metropolitan Zone of Port-au-Prince (ZMPP) has caused thousands of people to flee their areas of residence. In order to regularly inform the authorities and other partners about the displacement situation in the ZMPP, and thus guide response strategies for displaced persons and the communities hosting them, the General Directorate of Civil Protection (DGPC ) and the IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), launched in August 2022 periodic assessment activities of neighborhoods and sites hosting displaced populations. Data is collected through direct observations as well as interviews with key informants in areas hosting displaced populations.

This dataset presents the key results from the third update exercise (Round 3) which was conducted from February 14 to March 16, 2023. Of the 429 neighborhoods constituting the ZMPP, 411 neighborhoods were assessed (i.e. a coverage of 96%). A total of 127,977 IDPs (28,415 households) have been identified, of which 38 percent are hosted in spontaneous sites, and 62 percent in host communities. Compared to round 2, there has been a drop in the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) of 18 percent, which can be explained by the fact that there were IDPs who returned to their place of residence. Indeed, 45,864 returnees were identified during Round 3, including 32 percent who returned between the last quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023.

La situation sécuritaire en Haïti a continué de se détériorer durant ces derniers mois suite aux attaques des groupes armés. Ces attaques ont toujours quasiment eu lieu dans la Zone Métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince (ZMPP), où près de 128 000 Personnes Déplacées Internes (PDIs) ont été récemment identifiées par la Direction Générale de la Protection Civile (DGPC) et l’Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations (OIM). Cependant depuis quelques mois, des attaques armées sont de plus en plus survenues dans d’autres zones, notamment dans le département de l’Artibonite. Selon ACLED, entre mi-2022 et début 2023, près de 100 incidents de violence ont été rapportés dans l’Artibonite, ce département étant ainsi le deuxième dans le pays où il y a eu le plus d’incidents durant cette période, après le département de l’Ouest (600 incidents rapportés dans ce dernier). Afin de fournir une vue holistique sur la situation de déplacement dans le département de l’Artibonite et ainsi orienter les stratégies et programmes de réponse, l’OIM a conduit des évaluations de base dans les sections communales de ce département du 14 au 18 avril 2023. Les données ont été collectées à travers des interviews téléphoniques auprès des informateurs clés, notamment les autorités (magistrats, CASEC et ASEC).

This dataset is the result of the second exercise (round 2) of site and neighbourhood assessments conducted in the ZMPP from October 25 to November 23, 2022. Data was collected through phone calls from key informants. The results indicate that 155,166 people (39,623 households) were displaced in the ZMPP as of November 23, 2022, representing an increase od 77 percent compared to round 1. This is primarily due to the worsening security situation in the ZMPP observed during September 2022.

Since June 2021, an upsurge in gang clashes has caused a situation widespread insecurity in several municipalities in the Metropolitan Area of Port-au-Prince and the displacement of tens of thousands of people. This insecurity, increased since the assassination of President Jovenel Moise in July 2021, aggravates the economic and political crisis that continues to affect Haiti. The Directorate General of Civil Protection (DGPC) and the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) estimated 47,129 new individual trips in the Metropolitan Area between April 23 and 23 august 2022. As of September, 21,684 people remain displaced in 36 spontaneous sites.

On August 14, 2021, an earthquake with an epicenter about 13 km southeast of Petit-Trou-de-Nippes hit the departments of Nippes. South and Grand'Anse. This earthquake caused the death of 2,246 people, as well as the destruction or significant damage to more than 115,000 homes, thus affecting at least 800,000 people, 650,000 of whom required a response.